Italian impersonal verbs

Some Italian verbs are used without a subject, in the third person singular, and are called impersonal. Besides missing the inflected forms, they also lack the imperative. The form of the past participle is always invariable. Some examples of impersonal verbs are those indicating weather conditions. Here we give an example of conjugation of the verb piovere (to rain).

PIOVERE


INDICATIVO

presente piove passato prossimo è/ha piovuto
imperfetto pioveva trapas. prossimo era/aveva piovuto
passato remoto piovve trapassato remoto fu/ebbe piovuto
futuro pioverà futuro anteriore sarà/avrà piovuto

CONDIZIONALE
presente pioverebbe passato sarebbe/avrebbe piovuto

CONGIUNTIVO
presente piova passato sia/abbia piovuto
imperfetto piovesse trapassato fosse/avesse piovuto

INFINITO
presente piovere passato essere/avere piovuto

PARTICIPIO
presente (raro) piovente/spiovente - passato piovuto

GERUNDIO
presente piovendo passato essendo/avendo piovuto

This is a short list of verbs indicating time and weather conditions. It should be noted that according to the grammar with these verbs should be used the verb essere (to be) , but in the current language both auxiliaries are now used interchangeably.
VerboInglese

abbagliare to blind
aggiornare to dawn
albeggia to dawn
alitare to sigh
annebbiare to grow foggy
annuvolarsi to become cloudy
balenare to lighten
diluviare to pour
disgelare to thaw
fioccare to snow
fischiare to whistle
gelare to freeze
ghiacciare to frost
grandinare to hail
grondare to pour
lampeggiare to lighten
nevicare to snow
piovere to rain
piovigginare to drizzle
rabbuiarsi to get dark
raggelare to freeze
rannuvolarsi to cloud over
rasserenarsi to clear up
rimettersi to clear up
rinfrescare to cool
saettare to lighten
schiarirsi to clear up
scrosciare to pelt
soffiare to blow
spiovere to stop raining
spirare to blow
tuonare to thunder

Verbs indicating weather conditions may also have a construction with a subject when they have a figurative meaning.
Example : M'è piovuta addosso una disgrazia Something terrible happened to me.
Other verbs can be used with an impersonal construction, in both third persons: singular and plural.
In compound tenses they all require the auxiliary essere. Here is a short list .
 
Verbo Inglese
accadere to happen
addirsi to suit
avvenire to happen
bastare to be enough
bisognare need
capitare to happen
constare to appear
convenire must, to be necessary
costumare to be a common habit
necessitare to need
occorrere must
parere to seem
piacere to please
premere to matter, to be important
rincrescere to mind
risultare to understand
sembrare to seem
spettare to be up to someone
succedere to happen
trattarsi di to be a matter of
urgere to be pressing
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